By Dr. Jyothi Raghuram, Senior Consultant Paediatrics, Columbia Asia Hospital Whitefield
New Delhi, December 28, 2018: Hand, foot and mouth disease is a viral infection mostly common in young children. It is a highly contagious infection characterized by a rash on the hands and feet and sores in the mouth. This common infection floats around during the winter and does not have a specific treatment. This infection is mostly caused by the coxsackievirus.
One should look out for any of the below symptoms in order to rule out the possibility of an infection.
The infection usually exists for an incubation period of 3 to 6 days with the first symptom being a fever. A sore throat and a general feeling of being unwell follow. A day or two into the infection, painful sores begin to develop in the mouth. Rashes begin to develop on the hands, feet and buttocks soon after. Hand, foot and mouth disease is a common and minor illness that usually requires no treatment as it subsides automatically within a few days. Fever for a few days and other symptoms are relatively mild. However, if the symptoms continue to be seen after 5-6 days, it is advisable to consult a trained medical professional for a check-up.
The infection is caused by the virus – coxsackievirus A16 and is spread by personal contact with an infected person. Common denominators for the spread of infection are by the following modes:
The infection is widely spread at places with child setting like daycare centres, where diapers are frequently changed and kids being given potty training. This happens mostly because children have the habit of putting their hands in their mouth. Though the virus clears itself within a few days, the virus itself can stay behind in the body for many more weeks without showing any more symptoms and further affecting the health. In some cases, adults are responsible for spreading the virus while they themselves do not exhibit any signs of the infection.
Farm animals are known to contract a similar disease called the Foot-and-mouth disease. However, the hand, foot and mouth disease cannot be contracted or transferred to or from animals.
Most of the time, the disease shows mild symptoms only but in some complicated cases, the person may show signs of dehydration. Due to the sores in the mouth, swallowing food/fluids is a painful job. Fluid intake should be increased during the course of the infection. In some extreme dehydration cases, administering intravenous fluids might be necessary.
Given below are a few tips on how to safeguard your child from the hand, foot and mouth disease.
With age, children become immune to the virus as the body has built antibodies to fight the infection, however recurrences are seen in children sometimes.
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