Mammograms: What to Expect and Why They Matter

Dr. N Ramana Reddy, Consultant – Surgical Oncology, HCG Cancer Centre, Ongole 

For those dealing with breast cancer, it’s essential to know the basics of it. While breast cancer can affect both men and women, it’s more common in women, standing as the top cancer among them globally. Breast cancer comes in different types, depending on where it starts in the breast (like ducts or lobules) and whether it involves specific receptors, such as hormone receptors. Understanding these aspects can be a helpful starting point for individuals navigating the challenges of breast cancer. 

Mammography stands at the forefront of these efforts, serving as a powerful diagnostic tool capable of capturing detailed images of breast tissue. This specialized medical imaging technique utilizes low-dose X-rays to identify abnormalities, providing a crucial means of detecting breast cancer in its early stages. As the risk of breast cancer increases with age, mammograms are typically recommended for women over the age of 40, underscoring their significance in proactive healthcare. 

The Basics of Mammography – What to Expect During a Mammogram: 

1. Preparation: Before the mammogram, it is advisable to wear a two-piece outfit for convenience. Avoid using deodorants, lotions, or powders on the day of the exam, as they can interfere with the imaging process. Inform your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or have breast implants. 

2. Procedure: During the mammogram, the breast is gently compressed between two plates to spread out the tissue and obtain clearer images. While this compression may cause temporary discomfort, it is necessary for achieving the best results. The entire procedure typically takes about 20 minutes. 

3. Radiation Exposure: Mammograms involve minimal radiation exposure, and the benefits of early cancer detection far outweigh the risks associated with this low dose. Modern mammography machines are designed to emit the lowest possible amount of radiation while producing high-quality images. 

Why Mammograms Matter: 

1. Early Detection Saves Lives: The primary goal of mammography is the early detection of breast cancer. Detecting cancer at an early stage significantly increases the chances of successful treatment and survival. Regular mammograms can identify abnormalities before they are palpable, providing an opportunity for timely intervention. 

2. Screening for High-Risk Individuals: For women with a family history of breast cancer or other risk factors, regular mammograms are even more crucial. These screenings can help identify potential issues early on and enable healthcare professionals to implement preventive measures or personalized treatment plans. 

3. Monitoring Breast Health: Mammograms serve as an essential tool for monitoring breast health over time. Comparing images from previous screenings allows healthcare providers to track changes in breast tissue and identify any concerning developments. 

In conclusion, mammograms are a cornerstone in the fight against breast cancer. While the procedure may cause momentary discomfort, the potential benefits far outweigh any temporary inconvenience. Early detection through regular mammograms can be a lifesaver, providing women with the opportunity for effective treatment and improved outcomes. All women, especially those over the age of 40, to prioritize their breast health by scheduling regular mammograms. By being proactive in the approach to breast cancer screening, we empower ourselves and our patients to take control of their health and well-being. Together, we can make strides towards a future where breast cancer is not only treatable but preventable.